2017年1月4日水曜日

Verbing new nouns

New inventions and technological developments bring changes in our lifestyle, and thus bring changes in our language too. Here are some noun converted verbs that came into our vocabulary in the 20th century. The number in the parenthesis show the year first seen in usage as a verb

to taxi (1918)
to fax (1948)
to email (1982)

Prior to the usage of these verbs, the products were invented respectively. Modern taxicabs appeared in London in 1897, the first wireless 'radio' facsimile was invented in America in 1924, and emails were used by researchers in laboratories in 1960s.

A new product comes into the lifestyle and if there are no other existing verbs that describe its function, we easily turn the the noun to a verb and make our language more convenient.

Steven Pinker notes in "The Language Instinct"(1994) that one fifth of the verbs in English are derived from nouns.

...easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English English."

He extensively gives examples of verbs which were originally nouns:

head a commitee, scalp the missionary, eye a babe, nose around the office, mouth the lyrics, gum the biscuit, begin teething, tongue each note on the flute, jaw at the referee, neck in the back seat, back a candidate, arm the militia, shoulder the burden, elbow your way in, hand him a toy, finger the culprit, knuckle under, thumb a ride, writs it into the net, belly up to the bar, stomach someone's complaint, rib your drinking buddies, knee the goalie, leg it across town, heel on command, foot the bill, toe the line.......

(I just admire Steven Pinker!)

Language is incessantly changing to reflect the world we live in.

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